Dispersion

Towards a more accurate quasi-static approximation of the electric potential for neurostimulation with kilohertz-frequency sources*

Objective. Our goal was to determine the conditions for which a more precise calculation of the electric potential than the quasi-static approximation may be needed in models of electrical neurostimulation, particularly for signals with …

Effects of frequency-dependent membrane capacitance on neural excitability

Objective. Models of excitable cells consider the membrane specific capacitance as a ubiquitous and constant parameter. However, experimental measurements show that the membrane capacitance declines with increasing frequency, i.e., exhibits …

Phantom Model of Transcutaneous Electrical Stimulation with Kilohertz Signals

textcopyright 2015 IEEE. Transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TES) of nerve fibers may be optimized by overcoming the impedance of the skin using high-frequency (HF) stimulation signals. The excitation properties of nerve fibers depend on the …

Volume conductor model of transcutaneous electrical stimulation with kilohertz signals.

OBJECTIVE: Incorporating high-frequency components in transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TES) waveforms may make it possible to stimulate deeper nerve fibers since the impedance of tissue declines with increasing frequency. However, the …